Which hormones play a major role in regulating fluid balance?

Cortisols and adrenaline are primarily involved in the stress response and metabolic processes, rather than fluid balance. Insulin and glucagon primarily regulate blood glucose levels and energy metabolism, not fluid balance. Estrogen and testosterone are sex hormones that play roles in reproductive functions, among other effects, but they do not have a primary role in regulating fluid balance.

Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), and aldosterone are crucial in maintaining fluid balance within the body. Vasopressin is produced by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland; it helps retain water in the kidneys by increasing water reabsorption in the collecting ducts. Aldosterone, produced by the adrenal glands, regulates sodium and potassium levels; it promotes sodium reabsorption (and with it, water) in the kidneys, which helps to raise blood volume and pressure. Together, these hormones effectively manage fluid levels, ensuring proper hydration and electrolyte balance, which is vital for overall homeostasis.