What mathematical relationship does Boyle’s Law describe?

Boyle’s Law specifically describes the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas when the temperature is held constant. This law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume, meaning that as the volume of a gas decreases, its pressure increases, and vice versa, provided the temperature does not change. This fundamental principle is a key aspect of gas behavior in physics and chemistry, illustrating how gases react under various conditions.

Understanding Boyle’s Law is essential for various applications in medicine, such as in ventilation and anesthetic techniques, where the behavior of gases plays a critical role. The other options describe different relationships that do not pertain specifically to Boyle's Law; for example, the relationship between temperature and pressure is described by the Gay-Lussac's Law, while the relationship involving mass and volume pertains to density, and the relationship between temperature and volume is described by Charles's Law. Thus, the correct answer highlights the core concept of Boyle’s Law, which is crucial for grasping gas laws in science.